OWASP Guide to Vulnerability Scanning Tools: DAST for Web Application Security

Web application vulnerability scanners are indispensable automated tools designed to probe web applications from an external perspective. Their primary goal is to identify security vulnerabilities, encompassing common threats like Cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL Injection, Command Injection, Path Traversal, and insecure server configurations. These tools are commonly categorized as Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) tools, playing a crucial role in modern web security practices. The market offers a wide array of both commercial and open-source DAST tools, each possessing unique strengths and weaknesses. For those keen on evaluating the effectiveness of these tools, the OWASP Benchmark project provides a scientific approach to measuring the efficacy of various vulnerability detection tools, including DAST.

This article provides a curated list of vulnerability scanning tools currently available. It’s crucial to note that while we present this list, OWASP does not endorse any specific vendors or scanning tools simply by including them here. The tools are listed alphabetically to maintain neutrality and ease of navigation.

It is also important to be aware of the Web Application Vulnerability Scanner Evaluation Project (WAVSEP). WAVSEP operates independently of OWASP, and we do not endorse its findings or any DAST tools it evaluates. However, for individuals seeking in-depth research or assistance in selecting DAST tools, whether free or commercial, WAVSEP’s detailed analysis of tool features might be a valuable resource. Their project offers a more granular look into DAST tools compared to this introductory OWASP page.

Understanding DAST: Dynamic Application Security Testing

Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) represents a black-box testing methodology. This means that DAST tools analyze the application from the outside, much like a real attacker would. They interact with the web application through its exposed interfaces, sending various requests and observing the responses to identify potential vulnerabilities. This approach allows DAST tools to find vulnerabilities that are exploitable in a running application, regardless of the programming language or platform used.

DAST tools are particularly effective at detecting vulnerabilities such as:

• Cross-Site Scripting (XSS): Exploits that allow attackers to inject client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users.
• SQL Injection: Vulnerabilities that occur when user input is improperly incorporated into SQL queries, potentially allowing attackers to manipulate databases.
• Command Injection: Flaws that enable attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the server operating system.
• Path Traversal: Vulnerabilities that allow attackers to access files and directories outside the web server’s root directory.
• Insecure Server Configurations: Misconfigurations in the web server or application server that can lead to security weaknesses.

Choosing the Right Vulnerability Scanning Tool

Selecting the appropriate vulnerability scanning tool is crucial for effective web application security. The ‘best’ tool often depends on specific needs, budget, and technical environment. Here are several factors to consider when choosing a DAST tool:

• Commercial vs. Open Source: Commercial tools typically offer comprehensive features, dedicated support, and regular updates. Open-source tools can be cost-effective and customizable but may require more technical expertise to set up and maintain.
• Features and Coverage: Different tools offer varying degrees of vulnerability coverage. Some may specialize in certain types of vulnerabilities or technologies. Evaluate the tool’s capability to detect the vulnerabilities relevant to your application.
• Platform Compatibility: Ensure the tool is compatible with your operating systems and development environment. Some tools are platform-specific (e.g., Windows-based), while others are cross-platform or SaaS-based.
• Ease of Use and Integration: Consider the tool’s user interface, reporting capabilities, and integration with your development and security workflows (CI/CD pipelines, issue tracking systems, etc.).
• Performance and Scalability: Evaluate how the tool performs under load and its ability to scan large and complex web applications efficiently.
• Reporting and Remediation Guidance: A good DAST tool should provide clear, actionable reports with guidance on how to remediate identified vulnerabilities.
• Cost: Align the tool’s pricing with your budget. Consider free trials or limited-capability versions to test a tool before committing to a purchase.

Remember to consult resources like the OWASP Benchmark project and, with caution regarding endorsements, WAVSEP, to understand the detection capabilities and features of different DAST tools.

List of Vulnerability Scanning Tools

The following table lists a variety of web application vulnerability scanning tools available in the market. This list includes both commercial and open-source options, catering to different needs and budgets.